基督教護教學 - 華語 (CLS-3415-25SU)

基督教護教學是基督教信仰的理性辯護和宣講。本課程將檢視聖經的基礎、實踐，以及與此學科相關的論點，並特別強調引導教會領袖有信心地分享及維護信仰，以及培養教會肢體定期分享及維護信仰。
Format

預錄講座視頻，Zoom課堂

Starting date

12周，6/1/25 - 8/22/2025

Instructor

Rev. Dr. Gideon Lee 李業基博士/牧師

Language

華語講座；練習和測驗可以用中文或英文完成

Weekly

每周約4小時的講座視頻和在線互動

Price

$180 - 3 學分

COURSE DESCRIPTION
課程簡介

Christian apologetics is the reasoned defense and proclamation of the Christian faith. This course will examine the biblical foundations, practice, and arguments cogent to the discipline with a special emphasis on leading church leaders to confidently share and defend the faith and to develop church members who share and defend their faith on a regular basis.

基督教護教學是基督教信仰的理性辯護和宣講。本課程將檢視聖經的基礎、實踐，以及與此學科相關的論點，並特別強調引導教會領袖有信心地分享及維護信仰，以及培養教會肢體定期分享及維護信仰。

COURSE OBJECTIVES
課程目的

Upon completion of this course, the student should be able to:

1. Describe and explain basic aspects of specific apologetic arguments for the Christian faith.

2. Understand the relevance of the Bible to apologetics for evangelistic effectiveness.

3. Articulate and defend the Christian faith and various arguments for the Christian faith which are intellectually responsible and consistent with Scriptural teaching.

4. Distinguish and express the difference between apologetics as proof (giving a rational basis for faith), apologetics as defense (answering the objections of unbelievers to the faith), and apologetics as offense (exposing the foolishness of unbelieving thought).

5. Acquire a heartfelt desire to present the gospel, persuade seekers of its truthfulness, and strengthen the faith of those who wrestle with objections to the gospel.

6. Have renewed desire for Christians to clearly understand biblical truths and apply them in their lives.


完成本課程後，學生應該能夠

1. 描述並解釋基督教信仰特定辯護論據的基本方面。

2. 瞭解聖經對於傳福音有效性的辯護學的相關性。

3. 闡明並維護基督教信仰及各種基督教信仰的論據，這些論據在理智上是負責任的， 並且與聖經教導一致。

4. 區分並表達作為證明的辯護（提供信仰的理性基礎）、作為辯護的辯護（回答不信 者對信仰的反對）和作為攻擊的辯護（揭露不信思想的愚昧）之間的差異。

5. 獲得一種衷心的渴望來呈現福音、說服尋求福音的人福音的真實性、並加強那些與反對福音的聲音搏鬥的人的信心。

6. 重新渴望基督徒能清楚明白聖經真理，並在他們的生活中應用這些真理。


GRADING
評分

Online Participation: 20%

Set aside about three hours each week to watch video lectures and participate in online interaction.

Weekly Quizzes: 30%
These quizzes will cover the weekly lecture material and the assigned reading as determined by the instructor.

Mid-term and Final Examinations: 20%
The mid-term and final examinations will cover the lecture material and the assigned reading as determined by the instructor.

Term Paper and Video Report: 30%
Write a research paper according to the requirements as determined by the instructor and present a video report.

在線參與: 20％
自選時間，觀看預先錄影的講座視頻和參與在線互動，每週約需要3小時。

每週小測驗: 30%
這些小測驗將涵蓋講義材料和指導老師確定的指定閱讀材料。

期中及期末考試: 20％
該測試將涵蓋講義材料和指導老師確定的指定閱讀材料。

論文及報告: 30％
按照導師確定的要求撰寫研究論文，並提交視訊報告。

GRADING SCALE
評分等級



 A A-

 94-100 90-93
B+ B B-
87-89 84-86 80-83
C+ C C-
77-79 74-76 70-73
D+ D D-
67-69 64-66 60-63

 F

0-59

LECTURES AND ASSIGNMENTS
講座與作業

This course will span 12 weeks. Students set aside about 4 hours each week to watch recorded lectures and participate in online interaction. Assignments include weekly quizzes, mid-term examination, final examination, and a research paper.

本課程為期 12 週。學員每週預留約4小時的時間，觀看錄影講座並參與線上互動。 作業包括每週小測驗、期中考試、期末考試和研究論文。


Week 周 Lecture 講座 Reading 閱讀  Assignment 作業
1  Challenges to the Christian Faith
基督教信仰面臨的挑戰		 方 1-4
駱 1		 Quiz
2  Why do we need apologetics?
 為什麼我們需要護教學？		 方 5-7 Quiz
3 Faith and Reason
信仰與理性		 方 8 Quiz
4 Methods of Apologetics
護教學的方法		 方 9-12, 附錄
駱 附錄		 Quiz
5 Arguments for God’s Existence
神存在的論據		 駱 2 Quiz
6 Christianity and Science
基督教與科學		 駱 3-4 Mid-term Exam
7 Biblical Prophecy Fulfillment
聖經預言的應驗
Quiz
8 The Resurrection of Jesus
耶穌的復活		 駱 5-6 Quiz
9 The Problem of Evil
惡的問題		 駱 7 Quiz
10 Moral Objections to the Bible
對聖經的道德異議
Quiz
11 Biblical Inerrancy
聖經無誤論
Final Exam
12 Conclusion
總結
Research Paper

REQUIRED TEXTBOOK
必備課本

方鎮明，《知己知彼：基督教護教學》(香港：浸信會出版社，2023)

駱德恩，《愈辯愈明：從哲學，科學，歷史論證基督信仰》(香港：天道書樓，2014)


SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY
精選參考書目

HELPFUL RESOURCES

Cowan, Steven B. and Terry L. Wilder, eds. In Defense of the Bible: A Comprehensive Apologetic for the Authority of Scripture. Nashville: B&H Academic, 2013.

Frame, John M. and Joseph E. Torres. Apologetics: A Justification of Christian Belief. 2nd ed. Philipsburg: P&R Publishing, 2015.

Geisler, Norman L. and Frank Turek. I Don't Have Enough Faith to Be an Atheist. Wheaton: Crossway, 2004.

Geisler, Norman L. and Jason Jimenez. I Don't Have Enough Faith to Be an Atheist: The Official Study Guide. Wheaton: Crossway, 2014.

Gould, Paul. Cultural Apologetics: Renewing the Christian Voice, Conscience, and Imagination in a Disenchanted World. Zondervan Academic, 2019.

Groothuis, Doug. Christian Apologetics: A Comprehensive Case for Biblical Faith. Downers Grove: IVP Academic, 2011.

McDowell, Josh and Sean McDowell. Evidence That Demands a Verdict: Life-Changing Truth for a Skeptical World. Updated and expanded. Thomas Nelson, 2017.

McLaughlin, Rebecca. Confronting Christianity: 12 Hard Questions for the World’s Largest Religion. Wheaton: Crossway Books, 2019.

Myers, Jeff. Understanding the Faith: A Survey of Christian Apologetics. David Cook, 2016.

*Oliphint, K. Scott and Lane G. Tipton. Revelation and Reason: New Essays in Reformed Apologetics. P&R, 2007. [O/T]

Strobel, Lee. The Case for Christ: A Journalist's Personal Investigation of the Evidence for Jesus. Updated and expanded. Zondervan, 2016.

Van Til, Cornelius. Christian Apologetics. 2nd ed. Edited by William Edgar. P&R, 2003.

Wallace, J. Warner. Forensic Faith: A Homicide Detective Makes the Case for a More Reasonable, Evidential Christian Faith. Colorado Springs: David C. Cook, 2017.

*Willard, Dallas. “Jesus the Logician,” Christians Scholar’s Review, 1999, Vol. XXVIII, #4, 605-614. [http://www.dwillard.org/articles/artview.asp?artID=39]

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES

Adams, Robert M. The Virtue of Faith: and Other Essays in Philosophical Theology. New York: Oxford University Press, 1987.

Audi, Robert, ed. The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy. Cambridge Press, 1995.

Bahnsen, Greg L. Always Ready: Directions for Defending the Faith. Nacogdoches: Covenant Media Press, 2002.

Bauckham, Richard. Jesus and the Eyewitnesses: The Gospels as Eyewitness Testimony. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2006.

Brooks, Christopher. Urban Apologetics: Answering Challenges to Faith for Urban Believers. Grand Rapids: Kregel, 2014.

Carson, D.A. Exegetical Fallacies. 2nd ed. Grand Rapids: Baker Books, 1996.

Copan, Paul. Is God a Moral Monster? Grand Rapids: Baker, 2010.

Dembski, William A., ed. Mere Creation: Science, Faith & Intelligent Design. Downers Grove: IVP, 1998.

Dembski, William A & Jay Wesley Richards, eds. Unapologetic Apologetics: Meeting the Challenges of Theological Studies. Downers Grove: IVP, 2001.

Dulles, Avery. A History of Apologetics. Eugene: Wipf & Stock, 1999.

Evans, C. Stephen. The Historical Christ & The Jesus of Faith: The Incarnational Narrative as History. Oxford University Press, 1996.

Flint, Thomas P. Divine Providence: The Molinist Account. Cornell University Press, 1998.

Ganssle, Gregory E. and David M. Woodruff. God and Time: Essays on the Divine Nature. New York: Oxford University Press, 2002.

Ham, Ken, and Bodie Hodge, eds. The New Answers: Book 1. Vols. 1-2. Green Forest: Master Books, 2006.

Helm, Paul. Eternal God: A Study of God without Time. New York: Oxford University Press, 1988.

Kenny, Anthony. The God of the Philosophers. Oxford University Press, 1979.

Kreeft, Peter and Ronald Tacelli. Handbook of Christian Apologetics. Downers Grove: IVP, 1994.

Mitchell, C. Ben. Ethics and Moral Reasoning: A Student's Guide. Reclaiming the Christian Intellectual Tradition. Crossway, 2013.

Morris, Thomas V. Anselmian Explorations: Essays in Philosophical Theology. Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press, 1987.

Morris, Thomas V. The Logic of God Incarnate. Eugene: Wipf & Stock, 2001.

Naugle, David K. Philosophy: A Student's Guide. Reclaiming the Christian Intellectual Tradition. Crossway, 2012.

Plantinga, Alvin. God, Freedom, and Evil. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1974.

Plantinga, Alvin. The Nature of Necessity. Oxford University Press, 1974.

Plantinga, Alvin. Warranted Christian Belief. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000.

Ryken, Philip G. Christian Worldview: A Student's Guide. Reclaiming the Christian Intellectual Tradition. Crossway, 2013.

Rosen, Moishe. Y’shua: The Jewish Way to Say Jesus. Chicago: Moody Publishers, 1982.

Sennett, James F. ed. The Analytic Theist: an Alvin Plantinga Reader. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1998.

Swinburne, Richard. The Coherence of Theism: Revised Edition. Oxford University Press, 1993.

Swinburne, Richard. Faith and Reason. Oxford University Press, 1981.

Swinburne, Richard. Is there a God? Oxford University Press, 1996.

Van Til, Cornelius. The Defense of the Faith. Phillipsburg: P&R, 1955.

Wright, N. T. The Resurrection of the Son of God. Minneapolis: Fortress, 2003.


Course Lessons

Rev. Dr. Gideon Lee 李業基博士/牧師

Pastor Gideon Lee was born and raised in Hong Kong. After high school, he immigrated with his family to the USA. He studied at MIT as an undergraduate majoring in computer science. He was called to Christian ministry while a student there. He received his MDiv from Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary and a PhD from the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary. Lee moved to California in 2019 to serve at the Crosspoint Church of Silicon Valley. Currently, he teaches as an adjunct professor at Gateway Seminary and Midwestern Baptist Theological Seminary. Since 2023, he has also been serving as a trustee of the SBC Executive Committee.